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| C reactive protein ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped), pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages and T cells. Its physiological role is to bind to lysophosphatidylcholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells (and some types of bacteria) in order to activate the complement system via the C1Q complex.
CRP is synthesized by the liver in response to factors released by macrophages and fat cells (adipocytes). It is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins.〔 It is not related to C-peptide (insulin) or protein C (blood coagulation). C-reactive protein was the first pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to be identified.
== History and nomenclature ==
CRP was so named because it was first identified as a substance in the serum of patients with acute inflammation that reacted with the somatic 'C' carbohydrate antigen of Pneumococcus.
Discovered by Tillett and Francis in 1930, it was initially thought that CRP might be a pathogenic secretion since it was elevated in a variety of illnesses, including cancer.〔 The later discovery of hepatic synthesis demonstrated that it is a native protein.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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